Air BNB does not have "surge pricing" per se as seen with Uber and Lyft, @Satya8. However, if a host selects an Air BNB price management, the host provides a range of acceptable rates and Air BNB will select the rate that meets the level of demand. This is also what hotels do, so it is not unique to Air BNB. As @Lisa723 has noted, the rate is related to dates and without dates the published rate is the lowest.
I am curious how you find this process different than other accommodation searches. I do not use the Air BNB price management, but I do have an idea of when there is more demand and therefore I adjust the rate for those dates.