We collect security deposits through the resolution center. It's a good thing, because you can apply it at your discretion, unlike VRBO, where you have to charge all guests or none. This tends to scare off the "good" ones that needn't pay a, deposit, so it's better to be able to apply it only to "risky" guests.
However, this really isn't a sanctioned function of Airbnb, so beware that if at any point the guest complains (e.g., they caused damage and you kept part or all of the deposit, and they complain to Airbnb), there's a high risk that Airbnb will give it back to them and deduct it from your future bookings.
So, if you go down this road, be sure to deal with the guests fairly and honestly, record all damages, try to get a written admission from the guest, and always avoid escalating it into a conflict. Be nice. Always. Even if they're rather nasty. Otherwise it could all be in vain.