Hi Jessica and Henry,
let's forget about airbnb for a moment and look at the general legal situation in Germany. When I have a rental contract with a tenant and the tenant wants to cancel 5 months before arrival, he still has to pay 100% of the rent. I, on the other side, am obliged to try and rebook my place, I cannot cash in the rentalprice twice. So if I can rebook, I have to return money to the original tenant either in full or partially. This is not in my discretion, I have to.
If a guest books through airbnb he has, different to our general law, the advantage that he doesn't have to pay 100% of the rental but only 50%, so he saves 50% already. In the german airbnb rules for cancellation it also says, I as a host have to return money to the guest if I can rebook. That's ok and this is in compliance with our general law.
What kind of regulations airbnb has stipulated for other areas of the world, I don't know.
Now if a guest cancels on me, I of course do not offer any refund unless I can rebook, time will tell. I would never refund money out of my own pocket. We have a contract, just keep it. One important rule in our legislation says: „Contracts have to be kept“. Very simple.
I work for one of the big carmanufacturers in Germany and I'm in the budget departement. I handle contracts with suppliers every day and all day. There is no way for a supplier to tell me: My plans have changed, can I pls get out of the contract. If we allow this all the time, we would not be able to get one single car out of our production line.
All these considerations have nothing to do with ethics, it is just that everyone has to live up to what agreement he has signed. No ethics involved at all. Also, my company did not hired me to give away money to our suppliers but to work for the best interest of the company and their best interest is profit.
Ethics come into play when we talk about scam. You know that some people are scamming others if they can, and there are other people who refuse to scam their businesspartners for ethical reasons, even if they could.
But, as I sayed, to keep a contract is not an ethical category. If someone doesn't want to live up to the terms of an agreement, he should not sign it in the first place. This person should simply not book a place with strict cancellation policies.
Therefore: No refunds out of my pocket at all.