No, it's not 'dishonest' to charge a cleaning fee, not at all. It's a transparent approach to pricing that accurately reflects the difference in costs incurred by a host.
I charge a cleaning fee of $140. This covers a portion of the cost of preparing the space for each new set of guests. The amount of work, and therefore the cost to me, is the same; whether the guest stays one day or 7 days.
If I didn't charge a cleaning fee, and instead attempted to recoup this cost by increasing my nightly rate, then guests who stayed 1 night would pay too little and guests who stay 7 nights would pay too much. It is not economically rational to have zero cleaning fees.
I assume that the sudden interest by Airbnb in polling hosts about cleaning fees is because they realise that the 'sticker shock' experienced by guests when they realise that the posted price is not in fact the total price, is possibly an impediment to booking. My guess is that the next step will be to find a way of 'punishing' hosts who wish to include a cleaning fee.
I have smarter solution that makes everyone happy, one I've posted before - make the pricing options more flexible. Give hosts the tools to discount stays of any duration [not just a week or a month] and make it known to guests that the rate shown when a guest searches without dates will always be the default rate for a one night stay.
If I could do this, my cleaning fee would be redundant. My rate for a one night stay would be $520 per night (i.e. I would increase my $380 base rate by $140 to include my cleaning fee), for a two night stay my nightly rate would be $450, three nights $427 etc etc. Of course, this is what already happens, it's just that the per night discount created by cleaning fee for stays of greater than one night is not explicitly identified. If I had this flexibility in structuring my prices I could achieve the same result but instead of a guest seeing the nasty, negative 'cleaning fee', they'd see the phrase 'the host offers a per night discount of x% for this stay' or some other equally soothing phrase.