Both hosts and guests have 14 days to leave review. It's pointless for you to waste your time trying to get Airbnb to let you still leave a review- there aren't any exceptions ever made to this review deadline.
Nor is there any reason to wait to see how a situation resolves itself after you leave to write your review. The review is meant to be a review of your stay and how you experienced it. Whatever happens after you leave may be pertinent to the feeling you end up with about the host and the place, but it's immaterial to the review.
If you found the place not properly cleaned, or with safety hazards, you should have left a review stating that (along with anything positive you might have to say about the place), regardless of any response you might get from the host after you left. The host can correct those things for the future, and both hosts and guests have an opportunity to leave a response to the review they got, so if the host has dealt with issues that were pointed out to them, they can leave a response which makes it clear that those things have been addressed, for the benefit of future guests.
Think about it the other way around. Let's say I have a guest in my home who is personable, behaves respectfully while in residence, and leaves their space clean. I would leave them a good review, because that was my experience of them during their time here. If for some reason they send me some rude message 2 weeks after they leave, I still wouldn't have any reason to regret the review I left for them, because as a guest, they were fine, and that is what I'm reviewing, for the benefit of other hosts, I'm not reviewing them as an entire person with any quirks or nastiness that it wasn't evident during their stay.
I'm not sure what it was you were waiting to be resolved- you had a bad experience, which it would seem the host wasn't able to address satisfactorily at the time, and you left. Was this about trying to get a refund?
@Helene429