@Explore-MTL0 Do you have solid evidence that the guests hacked an existing profile, or is it possible that they were misrepresenting themselves with a fake profile (or that of a consenting third party)?
It is true that Airbnb does not enforce penalty fees such as a "smoking fee," as a host does not have standing to impose disciplinary measures. Additionally, Airbnb does not actually charge the Security Deposit hosts specify - that's a mere placebo. I don't know what "other means" you refer to in reference to your claim, but the Host Guarantee covers a pretty narrow sliver of what can actually go wrong with a booking. Smoking, for example, is about the most common complaint that exists - you might be about the 20,000th host to attempt a "damage" claim on this basis, so I don't think their insurance adjuster will suddenly be impressed now by your THS argument (though I personally agree with you on the merits).
Stolen bulk items would also be well outside the reasonable range of coverage if they were in the property and accessible to the guests. At the very least, though, they should have compensated you for physical breakages if they were of significant value, and evidenced with photos and receipts.
If you're a remote host who is unable to personally check guests in and verify their identity on arrival, and if you're additionally not opting to use external surveilance on the property, there's just no getting around the fact that listing on Airbnb is an extremely high-risk choice for you and for your unwitting neighbors. Unfortunately, the Host Guarantee is not in a magic parachute that makes it safe to rent to random people off the internet; it's imperative that hosts have their own security measures in place to prevent these situations from happening too. Going forward, you might consider changing to a platform or property manager that collects an actual deposit on your behalf.
Regrettably, I think you've reached a dead end with Airbnb on this one, I only hope you will have better luck with your home's STR insurance.