Hello @Bruna-Ayako0, @Amaris0, @David126,
In Germany there is a law (Bundesmeldegesetz) which requires the following information from all guests - no matter if they are just tourists or on business travel - for all lodgings as hotels, guest houses, camping grounds, holiday apartments and also rooms inside private homes:
- full last name and first name
- home address
- date of birth
- nationality
- passport number
A copy of the passport only can be taken from the host, if the guest agrees, but the host has the right and the obligation to verify the passport and to check the number with the original document. After one year, all this information has to shredded.
I know, that there are some Airbnb and other private hosts who don't apply this law, but in case they get controled they need to pay hughe fines and also they may get an interdiction to rent out their space.
I am not involved in other European countries laws, but I could imagine that similar laws exist in one or the other country.